https://www.pkadhd.org/blog daily 0.75 2020-03-25 https://www.pkadhd.org/blog/blog-post-four-cfd5z monthly 0.5 2019-08-22 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5cdb0b54755be25d5d92bfb3/1565794519920-7ZV3FNWJON04K3BSJK6A/download.jpeg Blog - Blog Post Four https://www.pkadhd.org/blog/blog-post-three-z8c38 monthly 0.5 2019-08-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5cdb0b54755be25d5d92bfb3/1565794488032-9XBL84FW5EFN7IJBCXN9/download+%281%29.jpeg Blog - Blog Post Three https://www.pkadhd.org/blog/blog-post-two-b2mba monthly 0.5 2019-08-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5cdb0b54755be25d5d92bfb3/1565794203166-HK9O5SMXBCPW1RHBM3V5/image-asset.jpeg Blog - Blog Post Two https://www.pkadhd.org/blog/blog-post-one-kg7hp monthly 0.5 2019-08-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5cdb0b54755be25d5d92bfb3/1565794043606-FK1PV2DOU30VI46WWL09/justice-rising-ECHO-AND-EARL-3.jpg Blog - Blog Post One https://www.pkadhd.org/events daily 0.75 2020-05-02 https://www.pkadhd.org/events/covid-19-suspends-all-group-events monthly 0.5 2020-03-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585150349387-ZRBSARYMRBIGSW4L97EI/ap_20079633580254.jpg Events - Covid-19 suspends all group events https://www.pkadhd.org/life-in-lockdown daily 0.75 2020-05-21 https://www.pkadhd.org/life-in-lockdown/alone monthly 0.5 2020-05-21 https://www.pkadhd.org/life-in-lockdown/be-strong-be-brave monthly 0.5 2020-05-21 https://www.pkadhd.org/sidebar daily 0.75 2020-07-11 https://www.pkadhd.org/sidebar/adults-ages-27-55 monthly 0.5 2020-07-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594467064940-BU38PEM3YABRSNOEWNLW/Adult+life.JPG SIDEBAR - Adults (ages 27-55) https://www.pkadhd.org/sidebar/elders-age-55 monthly 0.5 2020-07-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594466937367-GMIXZO4WVBRVJTE2XJ5E/Old+People+Image.jpg SIDEBAR - Elders (age 55+) https://www.pkadhd.org/our-vision daily 0.75 2020-03-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585055568126-WRB425RO7NFUP9052DX1/61397339_1154820918024186_8279853672809103360_n.jpg Our Vision - We want ADHDers to be contributors. Between 3 and 5% of the population have “ADHD brains”. Sadly, too high a proportion do not get the support they need and live difficult lives as a result. When supported properly, those with ADHD can not only cope but excel, bringing humour, imagination, intelligence and energy to relationships, workplaces, classrooms and the wider environment. To harness the huge potential that is latent among those with ADHD, many of whom are simply trying to cope day-to-day as a result of a lifelong lack of support and understanding, our function as a group is to “build capacity” in individuals and families. — Lorna Redford Group Services Coordinator https://www.pkadhd.org/home daily 1.0 2026-02-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585050584714-0ZDI0QFILL7K8XBLIXAH/61308427_339051783472201_4992390768493592576_n.jpg Home - Our Core Services Over eighteen years we have developed a suite of core services to help those with ADHD and organisations who support them. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585054016534-8NYA6PNPAQSHLM8D3QZ8/61131225_449547775857879_3375737581898563584_n.jpg Home - Our Projects In addition to our core services we are delivering a number of specialised projects. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585053968645-23PILZSX8JD7798EKHC5/61213067_317512422508085_7778903492155932672_n.jpg Home - Our Funders and Partners We are extremely lucky to work with, and be supported by, a number of fantastic organisations. https://www.pkadhd.org/our-team daily 0.75 2025-04-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585055831222-AVXLX8VG37VE2QPD4KTF/STAFF-PICS-WEB-RESOLUTION-JPGS008.jpg Our Team - Lorna Redford Tobias Keene, D.D.S. Hailing from Richmond, Virginia, Dr. Tobias Keene brings a bit of unabashed Southern hospitality to all his patients. He moved to Washington, D.C. over thirty years ago as a freshman at Ivy College. Right after graduation, he attended World University’s School of Dentistry. Before opening Keene Dental in 1994, he worked for free clinics and some of the finest practices in the District. He is part of the 123 Dental Association and stays up-to-date on the latest dental discoveries. When not striving to keep his patients happy and healthy, he’s enjoys hiking with his family in Rock Creek Park. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585055953717-O9AGQBDN12LLSRG5OLWL/STAFF-PICS-WEB-RESOLUTION-JPGS006.jpg Our Team - Lorna Fotheringham I came to the ADHD Group towards the end of 2012 to carry out a day’s filing and databasing every week. That didn’t last long! Soon I found myself completely absorbed in the Group’s day-to-day routine and took on many varied tasks. My background is the drinks industry, so very different from the third sector! I worked for sixteen years for Diageo PLC as Personal Assistant to the Consumer Marketing Director before I took a long break to have my family and get them through school. I returned to work as a charity shop manager at the same time as I began working for the Group and realised very quickly how the third sector is a challenging but rewarding environment in which to work. I find the diversity of every single day at the Group exciting and terrifying at the same time as its so unpredictable but ultimately rewarding. Without ADHD+ Perth I would not have had the opportunity to meet so many amazing people! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585056047657-N8M91VSF0ATRNA4X6S4P/STAFF-PICS-WEB-RESOLUTION-JPGS005.jpg Our Team - Juliet McDonald Hi, I am Julie. I am a family and outreach worker. I love seeing our families becoming empowered and confident when dealing with the statutory sector. This is a departure for me because I was a civil servant working in the Sheriff Court for many years prior to working here. Long Live ADHD! https://www.pkadhd.org/contact-us- daily 0.75 2025-04-30 https://www.pkadhd.org/our-projects daily 0.75 2020-08-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585148751745-GAQJEB9EMDOVJ8VKW2L8/90867972_538503586800132_5274419680021315584_n.jpg Our projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585148476251-AD0UC1VJBMW968UNORXP/homeless+perth.jpg Our projects https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585148542287-LNUQGVNSE7JTA9B2GIGY/HMP+Perth.jpg Our projects https://www.pkadhd.org/our-funders-and-partners daily 0.75 2020-08-18 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585142742181-WUJMXHZ3EMAF63TZNUUD/BL+Community+Fund.png Our funders and partners - The National Lottery Community Fund We owe our continued existence to the Big Lottery, who have provided the bulk of our core funding since 2017. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585142841911-3OD531I8HG86LGNYNKOB/RT_logo_Red_and_Black.jpg Our funders and partners - The Robertson Trust We are extremely grateful that the Robertson Trust (who have funded us previously) has agreed to support our work with funding towards two outreach workers. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585143120703-4780RSZDOZ50O38LFGAY/BBC+CIN.jpg Our funders and partners - BBC Children in Need Who have funded and continue to fund our work supporting young people. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585143549461-4RJT90S9JXD2JX4B5M2B/CORRA.png Our funders and partners - CORRA Foundation Who have agreed to fund our project to support those with ADHD who are homeless. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585143773343-5FKAV8L4ED242IJIYQ57/SITC.jpg Our funders and partners - Saints in the Community An affiliate organisation to the local St Johnstone Football Club, Saints In The Community helped us deliver [details of previous sports and rec program]. This year we have expanded and improved this program for children with ADHD in their “transition years” (10-13). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585144307952-UJ9M4CV5NFABHW59C35T/DAADHD.jpg Our funders and partners - The Dundee & Angus ADHD Support Group A fantastic organisation who we have partnered with to deliver a Tayside-wide family information support service. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585144141026-DKWSHHJR0D6R1UJVNNUP/Motorvate.jpg Our funders and partners - Motorvate Therapies Another of our partners in the delivery of the sports and recreation program for children with ADHD in their transition years. We are hugely grateful that Motorvate Therapies have brought their expertise in occupational therapy to this program. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585145604196-S8MAPE41X5YQRT1I8A31/1200px-The_Salvation_Army.svg.jpg Our funders and partners - The Salvation Army Who have allowed us to provide outreach in both of its Perth City centres for years now. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585145745639-W41F1SJ6YKQBM91R7OWJ/CATH.png Our funders and partners - Churches Action for The Homeless Who have welcomed us in to provide outreach to the homeless in the Perth City (Ladeside) Day Centre for several years now. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585145877280-XTLYIVX1ZF9P4FUBM2GL/HMP+Perth.jpg Our funders and partners - HMP Perth Who welcomed us in to develop and deliver a first of its kind ‘Wellbeing Hub’ for prisoners with ADHD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1585145997128-NK54TL6R5CTLK38MOOMO/Castle+Huntly.jpg Our funders and partners - HMP Castle Huntly Who have agreed for us to begin to deliver a ‘Wellbeing Hub’ for prisoners with ADHD on their premises. https://www.pkadhd.org/our-core-services daily 0.75 2020-08-13 https://www.pkadhd.org/guidelines-and-information-resources daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588534925759-17CH7HQIBG9WPCQESRDU/open-graph.a74435697f45.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - NHS The NHS guidance gives a useful introduction to the basics of ADHD, including: the characteristic symptoms to look out for, the causes of the condition, the diagnostic process, treatment options, and ways to live with the condition. The Great Ormond Street Hospital website also includes helpful summary information. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588534411608-LMAPOWBW282OVATW51D4/2019_ADHD_Foundation.png Guidelines and Information Resources - The ADHD Foundation The ADHD Foundation have prepared some fantastic guidance on the condition. Just open up the “Information and Support” tab and select from options including “young people”, “schools”, “FAQs” and “Useful Websites”. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588534550591-TI8BBI9UYQ3UOW0CH45Z/Addiss-logo-Copy-2-300x190.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - ADDISS The ADDISS “Information Centre” signposts you to a range of information resources, including FAQs, expert articles and factsheets prepared by the Royal College of Psychiatrists. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588534877545-AGOISRYFI1QZWXPBRJHM/chadd-logo-new-320.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - CHADD US - based CHADD have an outstanding set of information resources on their website. Whether you’re an adult with ADHD, a parent/caregiver, a teacher or other professional working with people with ADHD, the CHADD website is a fantastic resource. Check out the linked publications, webinars and podcast series. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588943251231-S0KSFDZS27VB694M9H4H/Young+Minds+logo+square_800%284%29_800.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - Young Minds Young Minds have provide useful entry-level guidance on ADHD, including a very helpful “Guide to CAMHS” and list of helplines. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588534848739-O4ZUIAOQTKGUUCSUS9O2/nice-logo.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) The NICE guideline on the diagnosis and management of ADHD has been designed for healthcare professionals, those with ADHD and their families or carers, and commissioners and providers. It can be a very useful reference for those going through the diagnostic process. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588534991312-C27EI31NN7Q5542HI1ZX/_4NQeTuq_400x400.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) The SIGN guideline on ADHD outlines the key principles and recommendations in the management and treatment of ADHD in children and young people by healthcare professionals in Scotland. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589555772081-UJT3ONYUU7JOWPNBIPEQ/rcpsych.png Guidelines and Information Resources - Royal College of Psychiatrists The Royal College of Psychiatrists has produced guides for adults with ADHD, as well as for parents and carers of those with ADHD and hyperkinetic disorder https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1592662415769-ZK2ZHW3BE8B6LB950HDW/UKAP.png Guidelines and Information Resources - UK ADHD Partnership UKAP recognises ADHD as a complex but treatable condition, which can have a profound impact on individuals, families and society. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1592663888253-2HBTKSZA6QDJIENQYP3O/Small+boy%2C+reading.jpg Guidelines and Information Resources - Further reading Research papers and other more detailed information https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1593411432445-T2QY8LWSE2UR3LQMTD73/lgo-ukaan.png Guidelines and Information Resources - UK Adult ADHD Network Although primarily aimed at professionals, UKAAN provides high quality training and resources that may be of interest to adults with ADHD. https://www.pkadhd.org/the-causes-of-adhd daily 0.75 2020-09-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588248422173-1CKLTGXR9BLO68H0DO18/brain940x729.jpg The Causes of ADHD - Neurodevelopmental disorders A neurodevelopmental disorder is one in which the development of the brain is atypical (or "unusual"), leading to abnormal brain function. Because they are related to the development of the brain’s nervous system, neurodevelopmental disorders begin in childhood, where most of this development occurs, and tend to last to some degree throughout the lifetime. Autism spectrum disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, Down syndrome, schizophrenia, dyslexia and conduct disorder are all examples of neurodevelopmental disorders. Rates of comorbidity between neurodevelopmental disorders are high, meaning that those with ADHD are more likely to have Tourette’s, for example, than the general population. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588419655120-GCS65Y9WTNV7FNKP6328/gene.jpg The Causes of ADHD - Inheritance of ADHD symptoms We are still in the early stages of understanding the development and functioning of the brain. There is no single gene we know of that causes ADHD; what we do know is that the genetic processes that lead to you “inheriting” your father’s height or your mother’s nose also make it likely that your brain might develop in a similar way. In 2018 the scientific journal Nature published a “meta-analysis” (a summary study of relevant research) of the genetics of ADHD, including recent research into the heritability of the condition. Click here to read the study. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588421023026-V5OZR1ZRC1BAPV0DU5SE/20181105-Environ1120.jpg The Causes of ADHD - Environmental factors The ADHD Foundation has prepared a useful guide to environmental risk factors associated with ADHD, including pregnancy risk factors, socio-economic risk factors and environmental contaminants. While none of the following can be proven to cause ADHD, research internationally has demonstrated connections between the severity of an individual’s ADHD symptoms and quality of their diet, sleep and exercise. https://www.pkadhd.org/information-centre daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597339829100-1G0JFBP0NWLJTXZBMWYU/brain940x729.jpg Information Centre - Learn. Contains: The history of ADHD The causes of ADHD The three types of ADHD Executive functioning deficits ADHD through the lifetime Girls and women with ADHD Comorbidities (co-occurring conditions) Assessment, diagnosis and treatment Glossary of Terms Guidelines and information resources FAQs https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597359436755-9NR20LBDLGFZ2YUMBKX9/Autism.png Information Centre - Strategize. Contains: Strategies for parents Strategies for adults (with ADHD) Strategies for professionals Sleep (and how to improve it) Transitions (and how to manage them) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597359368805-YA880U0S588BIFTQBOBD/Carolina+Buzio.png Information Centre - ADHD for Young People. Struggling to talk to your child about ADHD? You’re not alone! It can be a tricky topic. Why not point them towards a page we’ve created specifically to help young people with ADHD understand their condition. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597359256719-VO5PS7Y2EQYE1Z9NR7FA/Falling+Letters.jpg Information Centre - Multimedia. We’ve spent months curating what we consider to be some of the best multimedia content available on ADHD. This section contains: Blogs Vlogs, videos and online channels Podcasts (including our own!) Art and illustration Apps https://www.pkadhd.org/the-history-of-adhd daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588508740324-PT1ACZNNWLOLQPE7LO6R/History-of-ADHD-Hippocrates-Father-of-Modern-Medicine.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588508984302-XQF66WBTAM96MTRX20CA/History-of-ADHD-Melchior-Adam-Weikard.png The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588514382930-WWVG5TEPTROTB5773248/Alexander_Crichton.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588515418663-37H8SHU9E9Q886KHAAMH/FIDGETY+PHILIP.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588516176350-VNKA0G62GX5AVF2I9XXL/History-of-ADHD-D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9-Magloire-Bourneville.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588517404394-30DTQHM9YI9PHYHDD4R6/george-frederic-still-d3f358b7-5fc9-4dcc-968a-b414a4d5cc6-resize-750.jpeg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588519382712-MBCB5DM4EOD56XEUTKZO/978-1-4939-0384-9_5_Fig1_HTML.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588520574359-6JPIVZLTOQCU0JTSN8K1/download.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588531728092-LPGCEI8XV89NPMVPAPOT/download+%281%29+charles+bradley.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588677691898-C00BA354C53J3ISNGM76/brain.png The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588532245024-HRXL4RLO3OK6HF51DV80/1200px-Methylphenidate-2D-skeletal.svg.png The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588678710598-IW00IIZ1OMWU0G236SSL/51AvHLYHfjL._SX339_BO1%2C204%2C203%2C200_.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588686615274-42E68BHBH2S4LWICT92D/dsm_II.png The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588687976727-QY49XRIK2XOL6I0HIDXL/douglas.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588690027016-AYE46L4K5A08L2A0XYIY/41LIc8JOrQL._SX348_BO1%2C204%2C203%2C200_.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588690071401-H7VSCV1KA1BTDPFVFFA4/46891547.0.l.jpg The History of ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1588690630979-BKUFF92FHA55D773WPLX/dsm-iv-140630114548-phpapp01-thumbnail-4.jpg The History of ADHD https://www.pkadhd.org/adhd-through-the-lifetime daily 0.75 2020-08-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596100280463-EOFPWQXVV4YXB716EAMG/Iris+6.jpg ADHD Through the Lifetime - Pre-School (ages 0-5) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596843459155-OE76UY9D484FOTUV0UQP/Carolina+Buzio+7.jpg ADHD Through the Lifetime - Children (ages 6-11) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594399047571-FL4DTGHMI3M0DBHTD39B/Teen+2.JPG ADHD Through the Lifetime - Adolescents (ages 12-18) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595942917110-QWISTYB5TF6DWRWHV3VS/adulthood.jpg ADHD Through the Lifetime - Adults (ages 19-64) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596133521155-CMB0LHBVKY7NK6OK58VL/Old%2BPeople%2BImage.jpg ADHD Through the Lifetime - Older adults and the elderly (ages 65+) https://www.pkadhd.org/multimedia-contents daily 0.75 2020-05-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589042006421-KBMXH1W7RU1P0AW9FBS8/Blogs-creation.jpg Multimedia - contents - Blogs & Vlogs https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589042079784-KNDCBG3UDY1YBACI76U7/best-marketing-podcasts-featured-image.jpg Multimedia - contents - Podcasts https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589041889115-GMPR5DDWXD3YGHD79N39/Apps-for-Productivity_1328x747.jpg Multimedia - contents - Apps https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589042032829-AHYOBKTX5URXRBJW9J3P/Switches_1000-1.jpg Multimedia - contents - Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589204315488-RJU03M6GH7QFP9SQJS9D/Falling+Letters.jpg Multimedia - contents - Videos https://www.pkadhd.org/blogs daily 0.75 2020-05-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589968261134-JS8SJ5NQP56268FID5CV/98190909_611676976109634_5794682941330161664_n.png Blogs - Life in Lockdown Life in Lockdown features entries written by the Perth & Kinross Suppport Group community. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589107847275-J6GYAD0IASY2HI3630WE/Additude-logo.gif Blogs - Additude Magazine’s Guest Blogs The Additude Magazine hosts essays, diary entries and snapshots of daily life, written by those affected by ADHD. The range of topics discussed is truly extraordinary, from how to get to sleep to why Animal Crossing is good for the ADHD mind. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589042719013-QQUPR6J6RZIEMM4OS2D0/TotallyADD-Large-Totally-New-Logo.png Blogs - Totally ADD Based in the USA, Rick Green’s hugely popular blog covers it all, from procrastination, identity, finances, careers, and much more. Be careful to remember that most of the statistics are for the USA and don’t apply to the UK. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589110245125-939GXW60IC2MN7ZELV5D/ADHD_in_Adults_official_logo_250_x_250_no_tagline_clipped_rev_1.png Blogs - The ADHD Blog (ADHDinadults.com) This blog has a more high-brow, academic focus, with contributions from some of the leading ADHD researchers and professors in the world. This one’s for those who want to get straight to the hard facts! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589119939185-CK021HILSN1VLJ7R5BE5/untapped_brilliance_logo2-200.png Blogs - Untapped Brilliance Jacqueline Sinfield, an author and ADHD coach, gives lots of tips on how adults can manage their ADHD from one day to the next. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589121628085-73Z2S2BMDZWKDV5GH9LG/Terry-PR-Photo-orange-chair-1024x683-1000x667.jpg Blogs - ADD Consults Terry Matlen writes from the perspective of a women with ADHD and a mother of an adult with ADHD. Have a look at her “Queen of Distractions” online space, which was set up to help women with ADHD connect, declutter and get organized. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589121493857-E2I1AX8SOE4L1DT5XELS/Impact-ADHD-logo.png Blogs - Impact ADHD One of the easiest-to-navigate and accessible blogs out there, Impact ADHD allows you to refine your search of hundreds of written, video and audio resources. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589124854719-T374ETW4IS7CJPKMZ955/edgef.jpg Blogs - Edge Foundation Though everyone can find something of interest in the Edge Foundation blog, students with ADHD will particularly benefit from its coaching and webinars. https://www.pkadhd.org/vlogs-channels daily 0.75 2020-05-14 https://www.pkadhd.org/blogs-vlogs daily 0.75 2020-05-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589111019118-6I4JTORSPP594F0I00S6/main-qimg-c652e6ad24e25bcea350ee5ba314f3f9-c.jpg Blogs & Vlogs - Blogs https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589111095085-4XTNBF12CFWT4KS2DCVO/download.png Blogs & Vlogs - Vlogs & Channels https://www.pkadhd.org/podcasts daily 0.75 2020-06-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1590065633710-5U4V7427STAKPV662DJ6/5690362-1590032970800-2f87c9807dbd.jpg Podcasts - ADHD in Isolation Our very own podcast, where Calum speaks to parents, professionals and adults with ADHD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589181565275-J5QAAAO1PFZ7Q7Z739RJ/maxresdefault.jpg Podcasts - ADHD reWired ADHD reWired has been around for a while, and it shows, with well-made podcasts covering a huge range of topics. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589181706794-YS97KJO4LXD9LRUCXYZS/NK%2B%E2%80%94%2BLogo.png Podcasts - Take Control ADHD There is very little that ADHD Coach Nikki Kinzer’s podcast hasn’t covered over the past few years. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589182206848-71NN1B7FR0NQXRFRU4C5/FTN-itune-podcast-1.jpg Podcasts - Faster Than Normal Apprently the #1 ADHD podcast on iTunes, Faster Than Normal is slickly-made and features interviews with some interesting people. Definitely one of the more accessible ADHD podcasts out there. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1593343025882-RU08GYLS4MAAHLTGS958/Peston-On-Sunday-TV-show-London-UK-05-Feb-2017.jpg Podcasts - ADHD and Me Rory Bremner talks about how he discovered that he had ADHD and how it affected him both as a child and young person, and latterly as a adult. https://www.pkadhd.org/videos daily 0.75 2020-05-18 https://www.pkadhd.org/art-illustration daily 0.75 2020-05-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589201934059-I592OCWT1MC59J9889QY/Hepburn.jpg Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589201932220-3K40C6VEKORORWPQY7FO/Pina.jpg Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589201933150-RCA5YYQAWZKBYL9STGQ2/raised-on-ritalin.jpg Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589201932757-MBAS9TRPY5NISZDQIMR9/Switches_1000-1.jpg Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589202293860-T11S9MMKGP4PUM20WBTH/Falling+Letters.jpg Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589203242345-MZKG9ZXZM5UYPSWO6PF7/stories-that-never-stand-still.jpg Art & Illustration https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589203514033-H8F5X90PKODK5QM1KE6H/Iris.jpg Art & Illustration https://www.pkadhd.org/apps daily 0.75 2020-05-14 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589183614153-W7P062VDWHHIEO1FA553/20140301_Trade-151_0124-copy.jpg Apps - Bear Focus Timer (Apple & Google Play) An app that helps younger children focus on tasks by providing an alloted time for each one, all with friendly reminders from Tom the bear! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589184490903-OR21CFZWFQPD4ENUXNFH/focus.jpg Apps - Focus Keeper - Time Management (Apple only) This app, also designed for kids, helps them stay focused by completing tasks (including homework) in short bursts separated by breaks. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589184116428-LFED8PYPX82GA85FBQUN/Evernote-512.png Apps - Evernote (Apple & Android) A hugely popular note-taking app, even among those without ADHD, Evernote allows you to create to-do lists, add reminders, scan handwritten notes, save websites, and a whole lot more. Its a really fantastic app for anyone who could use a bit of help getting organised, and what’s more its free! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589184705210-DRYX3HNJC9E2WUSTL9VF/remember.jpg Apps - Remember the Milk (Apple & Android) Where Evernote focuses on personal note-taking, Remember the Milk is all about tasks. A really powerful and popular app to help organise your life! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589184984458-7UD6JCI4QW6PAAU30PSD/brainfocus.png Apps - Brain Focus (Apple & Android) Brain Focus is a time management app that keeps you from using your phone as a distraction by blocking apps and quieting notifications when you need to focus. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589187261075-DSAN4S731Y6RGFAFYQSZ/khan.jpg Apps - Khan Academy Kids Many of you may already be familiar with Khan Academy, one of the world’s biggest online education platforms. Their program for kids is also excellent. https://www.pkadhd.org/for-young-people daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595498909934-X9UEPT9E0UBNPV2H3UGR/kids3.JPG For young people - Click on the button below if you’d like to find answers to these questions: What is ADHD? Why do I have it? Am I ‘different’? Am I ‘normal’? What is the medication for? Are there other kids like me? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596406379152-2LLNR64KNG52H4RC6YHS/Mario+Wagner.jpg For young people - Does this picture show how you feel sometimes? Everyone is different but we all face similar difficulties at times. Knowing that you are not alone can be quite important as can speaking to people who can help you. Don’t let ADHD get you down! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595499583169-QX7XPLRXCUWL61XPR3HY/kids5.JPG For young people - Having ADHD will probably affect how you function at school. Try to find out as much as you can about why learning can be more difficult. Discover how ADHD can affect school children by clicking the button below. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595499034381-5G0DNIL82VD3E0YQRL84/mental-health-istock.jpg For young people - It is important to understand that you are not alone. Out of every 100 pupils in a school, 5 will have ADHD. Most will be finding it tough too. Think how many people with ADHD there are in the world! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595501080730-5P1AYA797ETDGX5GEMHS/medic.JPG For young people - It may be that medication helps you get through the day, whether that’s at home, in the classroom or coping with friendships. See some children speak about how medication affects them here and here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595499711083-P5R7A2J3KVIILBYJ3M6A/kids6.JPG For young people - Remember that a lot of very famous and successful people have ADHD, so it does not mean that you will always struggle. Those who do well are the ones who make the best of their talents. https://www.pkadhd.org/strategies-home daily 0.75 2020-08-10 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589456955132-PIBVOCLR2CO0EPVV0H78/main-qimg-c652e6ad24e25bcea350ee5ba314f3f9-c.jpg Strategies Home - Strategies for parents https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589452942591-QC7Z98UNXAT266EVPEY0/download.png Strategies Home - Strategies for adults with ADHD https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1589452957556-SW4YXJQ5B1NQ766FX1MJ/download+%281%29.png Strategies Home - Strategies for professionals https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597074611243-X9A0VDO9EC0A3J8TRDGM/61308427_339051783472201_4992390768493592576_n.jpg Strategies Home - Our Information Sessions It is so important to understand behaviours (including our own) before we try to manage or adapt them. Our sessions are designed to help participants understand the condition and its comorbidities, and to explore how behaviours can manifest from them. We look at how these conditions can impact an individual’s or family’s functioning and ways to recover this functionality. We try to build resilience and emotional intelligence by developing strategies that suit our participants with them. Our sessions are delivered as flexible six-session programmes by our most experienced worker, alongside one of our most trusted parent mentors. During the Covid-19 lockdown, these sessions are being delivered remotely, by video calls. Whether you’d like one-to-one support or to learn as part of a group, its up to you! Click the button to contact us about these sessions and we will arrange a time that suits you! https://www.pkadhd.org/strategies-for-parents daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://www.pkadhd.org/strategies-for-adults daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://www.pkadhd.org/furthereading daily 0.75 2020-07-07 https://www.pkadhd.org/sleep-and-how-to-improve-it daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595519779463-P6VPXB6URQOD5REXU2G5/bedtime.JPG Sleep and how to improve it - Try to stick to a consistent routine as bedtime approaches. Because multiple mechanisms are involved in switching the brain from its daytime mode into a sleep mode, we need to give it as much support as we can by establishing routines that encourage our wakeful self to shut down and revert into a sleep pattern. These routines can begin ahead of bedtime and cheat the brain into believing that shutdown will soon occur. For example, a milky bedtime drink 30 minutes before bedtime will prime the senses (taste, touch, smell) into believing that sleep is imminent and that the process has already started. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595520061304-OTEFKE3N9TX5K6G7IKCE/sleep7.JPG Sleep and how to improve it - Make subtle changes in the environment (e.g. dimming lights). If you can establish specific triggers that recur every night, for example, switching off certain lights in the house or reducing the volume on the television, these can prompt the brain to believe that it is about to change from a waking state to a sleeping state. Keeping such routines regular can be important. For example, once a child has had a bath, they do not come downstairs again or enter the main living part of the house. Even the way that you as parents speak to your children can change in a subtle way, so that you are quieter and calmer, rather than challenging and confrontational. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595520309759-UWQGPK51EXY1ACF3OWSF/cover+bedtime+is+canceled.jpg Sleep and how to improve it - Reduce environmental stimulation and noise. Sleep hygiene is thought to be very important in triggering good patterns of sleep. Make sure the bedrooms are tidy and well ordered, that light and noise reduced, and that your child does not feel directly threatened or stimulated in any way. This may require the cooperation of other family members. Loud noises, shouting, and laughter should all be avoided where possible, as should the sense that there is activity in other parts of the house that your child may wish to participate in. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595528885153-1IYTEFBZL3X6D7ILDUHQ/screentime.JPG Sleep and how to improve it - Avoid screen time. Healthy brains respond to a circadian rhythm whereby as lightness fades, a hormone called melatonin is released to encourage the onset of sleep. This may have been the result of evolution and the need for humans to rest at night-time when environmental dangers were at their greatest. The production of melatonin is disrupted by certain types of light, including those emitted by the screens on computers, consoles, and even mobile phone. In ideal circumstances, there would be no screens in children’s bedrooms. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595529024337-Q7CF3ARR9HXJ5KHFUBIH/npr-summer-reading-illustration-1_wide-7376715cec4801381b60ce61b5dd9b507d6bf05b.jpg Sleep and how to improve it - Encourage your child to engage in relaxing activities such as reading/story tapes or drawing. Reducing direct interaction with others and encouraging the development of imagination can promote the onset of sleep. Certain types of music and story tapes, which require little effort to enjoy can alter the way the brain functions and encouraging towards a sleepful mode. Finding what works for your child is half the battle. The second part is establishing it as a routine. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595529156265-8OFJ16FE5NUQMIM0L57Q/healthy-food-rgb1.jpg Sleep and how to improve it - Avoid eating large quantities of food before bedtime, especially sugary food and drinks. As well as not being helpful for the general health of any child, certain types of food can boost the energy available in the brain and encourage alertness and vigilance. This is particularly true of foods and drinks containing caffeine, which is a stimulant. Some foods are rich in tryptophan, which helps us to feel sleepy: Turkey and chicken Milk Beans Peanuts Sunflower and pumpkin seeds Eggs Spinach (good luck with that one!) https://www.pkadhd.org/adhd-in-isolation daily 0.75 2021-02-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1590033566120-IKULBM4IZRIBUYLTKRGY/DSC_0373.jpg ADHD in Isolation - ADHD in Isolation Welcome to our very own podcast! We have arranged plenty of interesting guests, who will talk about everything from medication and life as a parent to forensics! Please note that the opinions expressed in these podcasts do not necessarily represent the views of the Group and are included to represent different perspectives on the condition! https://www.pkadhd.org/faqs daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://www.pkadhd.org/menu daily 0.75 2020-08-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594404576169-CLBJ0QZ9QEE8A0W8IPGU/ADHD+general.JPG Information Menu - 1. General Information History Causes Guidelines Complexity and comorbidity Mental health Treatment Assessment and diagnosis Glossary FAQ Further reading https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594407939546-UDNTKABC58X5XW8YKFQI/FAmily.JPG Information Menu - 2. For parents and carers Strategies for parents Some parenting ideas (video) Assessment and diagnosis Treatment ADHD through the lifespan Early years and primary Teenage years Girls and women Sleep Managing transitions Working with schools https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594473024658-B46VF5MWYKV4IEAJRWSW/Thumbs.JPG Information Menu - 3. For Kids ADHD and Me ADHD and Me (with captions) ADHD and Me trailer Professor Peter Hill What's it like to have ADHD? What does Ritalin do? Does medication turn me into a different person? Who's in control? Downside of medication Stigma Doctors Teachers Other things that help https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594473268089-DF8JAJAVQO75QWZ366MI/Young+People.JPG Information Menu - 4. Young People What is ADHD? Treatment Learning at school/college Relationships Intimate relationships Mental health Preparing for college and work https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594473590572-447OP3A9CUMQH89TMYKM/Woman.JPG Information Menu - 5. For Adults Adulthood Adult ADHD Young adulthood Strategies for adults Retirement Your treatment https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594474500990-XRZNB1HBWQ3Y0M90TWF3/Prof+2.JPG Information Menu - 6. Professionals Teachers and educators Assessing needs ADHD through the school journey ADHD and learning School exclusion Behaviour management An ADHD-friendly curriculum Social care professionals Impact of ADHD on the family Assessing needs Risks ADHD and parents Strategies https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594474793007-ECZ6IWPBIDXMPM6D2PUY/Podcast.JPG Information Menu - 7. Podcasts/blogs etc https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594474943267-WUSM3ZRUORL8X4OMHJCD/Info.JPG Information Menu - 8. Further reading/information https://www.pkadhd.org/teacher-menu daily 0.75 2020-06-25 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1593092448041-8Y3Z2A7KRZN0YHECAWXB/black-teacher.jpg Teacher Menu Teaching young people with ADHD can be quite a challenge - but a supremely rewarding one! https://www.pkadhd.org/young-adulthood daily 0.75 2020-08-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595659177775-ADSW207N2AYRCVVA7N4F/image-asset.gif Young adulthood - If you run into difficulties, the golden rule is that these are much easier to sort-out if they are caught soon and before problems build up or become more complex. Stay connected to people you trust and choose your friends wisely. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595660183898-7EDKJD8DBVZPEEO2H1ZC/f364ff65f9436d53d1588e4de6597cf9.jpg Young adulthood - Some young adults with ADHD manage reasonably well, but others experience difficulties with: Debt (over-spending, failing to pay-off loans, forgetting to meet payment deadlines) Social isolation, anxiety and depression Gambling Addiction Offending Unemployment and frequent job changes Risk-taking behaviours resulting in sexually transmitted diseases, unplanned pregnancy Road traffic accidents Dropping-out of college https://www.pkadhd.org/family-and-the-middle-ages daily 0.75 2020-07-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595069242337-QR8IKO1EIFODW8L4RS36/stressless_main_dribbble_1x.jpg Adults with ADHD - Symptoms Some people with ADHD have fewer symptoms as they age, but some adults continue to have major symptoms that interfere with daily functioning. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595069579476-OJ02A49E50I39AXJZ1YR/huge.25.125661.jpg Adults with ADHD - Common Challenges What impact can it have on lives? In adults, the main features of ADHD may include difficulty paying attention, impulsiveness and restlessness. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595075355322-OW60LFUFA6S6OQT2VDKP/mood+disorder.JPG Adults with ADHD - Assessment and diagnosis How can I tell if I have ADHD as an adult? In short, without a proper evaluation, you can’t. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594827995541-CH83537M1C7D443EI7BF/6322454b448c3955dd0ef5c157a1083b20018d59.jpg Adults with ADHD - “I was diagnosed with ADHD aged 35 – the biggest hurdle was convincing everyone it’s real “ When I started taking ADHD medication, I lost the constant mental chatter in my head. The silence terrified me! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594828246237-0J9OFRU1KVF2T1TGRDUR/IMG_4190.jpg Adults with ADHD - “A new life: being diagnosed with ADHD in my 40s has given me something quite magical” A journalist reflects on how the diagnosis of ADHD has changed his understanding of himself, and his ability to cope with life. https://www.pkadhd.org/older-adults-and-the-elderly-ages-65 daily 0.75 2020-08-01 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596291268781-XRHHFBV8V8MYKJ8NVVYP/NPR.jpg Older adults and the elderly (ages 65+) - Increasing numbers of adults are recognising ADHD symptoms and impairment in themselves or their partners, often as a result of diagnoses been given for their children or grandchildren. For some, the recognition that their lives may have been affected by ADHD over decades can come as a relief but may also generate anger. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594999553209-SW9032N6NUMBRR3JUP2D/wine-glasses-with-splotches-water-colour-1024x1024.jpg Older adults and the elderly (ages 65+) - There may be an increased risk of alcohol use, family conflict (because of increased time spent at home with partners), or uncontrolled spending. Until recently, ADHD in adults was not recognised as a likely contributory factor to any difficulties that someone may be experiencing, and ‘diagnostic overshadowing’ (i.e. treating for anxiety or depression) can often obscure the existence of an underlying disorder. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594999357497-R9D5HO7XOMTFJJWTJKUM/grnadpa.JPG Older adults and the elderly (ages 65+) - Retirement Although there has been very little research on ADHD, prevalence or impact in the latter stages of life, there is sufficient anecdotal evidence to suggest that retirement is a critical transition from a structured world of work and daily occupation to a more open and fluid way of living that may or may not suit many people, and which may present novel challenges in terms of organising activity and coping with an increase in leisure time. https://www.pkadhd.org/early-years-and-primary-school daily 0.75 2020-07-28 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595081375966-0K6X3BAP9JBRAJ2PKK1P/eebb985c25682420a6c87785d45b3d3c.jpg Early years and primary school - Symptoms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595081822291-X5DD67Z2A3URRGFYPSU8/5dc9d95aa169ae5eb82a566c32dfd222.jpg Early years and primary school - Common Challenges See below for some common challenges children with ADHD face https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595081670938-0TULY3GDQCTANDNPI2SW/books.jpg Early years and primary school - Assessment and Diagnosis The starting point is not necessarily to identify any specific condition if your child is displaying difficulties at home and at school (ADHD is not usually diagnosed until the school years, but that shouldn’t stop you from seeking support if you are worried). https://www.pkadhd.org/social-care-professionals daily 0.75 2020-07-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1594026024193-CAXHFGKSTGH2L48WSR1U/Photograph-eu-fotolia.jpg Social care professionals https://www.pkadhd.org/strategies-for-teachers daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597054997870-8VKJQYQMBPJA36WSF0GN/Executive+function.jpg Strategies for teachers - The neurobiology of ADHD Understanding differences in brain architecture, development, and function, can help us to know which interventions and supports are most likely to be effective, but also shape our emotional response to pupils who present with difficulties. Establishing and sustaining good relationships in the school and classroom can be vital for long term outcomes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597059358929-92I6KQ29FMK2H4W3S1EF/image-asset.png Strategies for teachers - Comorbidities The majority of young people with ADHD also display the characteristics of other disorders such as depression, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and anxiety all mood disorders. In other words, it is quite normal for ADHD to co-occur alongside other difficulties. It is also the case that ADHD and autism may coexist and resulting quite complex presentations in children who can be very difficult to support in school settings (and also at home). It is not for any education professional to diagnose these conditions, but their traits can be recognised and included in pupil profiles and support plans. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597067254649-L5TPA40P6W6VNDGB0QQ8/Dysgraphia%2BColorado.png Strategies for teachers - Specific comorbid learning difficulties Tools are available to identified the more common learning difficulties associated with ADHD including: dyslexia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia, and dysgraphia. Where these have not been identified or appropriately supported, pupil behaviour and engagement with learning may deteriorate where the demands made in class cannot be met by the young person concerned. Difficulties with handwriting for example can prove to be a significant block to learning and can be supported by the use of assistive technologies such as voice-text, writing slopes, and adapted writing equipment. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597067440999-7OGHHZJTT4TO5RB2IQFE/screening.png Strategies for teachers - Screening and assessment It is not the job of any education professional to diagnose a medical condition like ADHD, but that does not mean that assessment should not take place in order to determine the areas in which a pupil may be having difficulty. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597007471776-GLCZHQFC5OFDRM9P8OPM/Bonazzi+4.jpg Strategies for teachers - Critical to success is the relationship between pupil and teacher, class management, and the fostering of a ‘can-do’ approach. Motivation underlies all teaching and learning and that can be a challenge in itself if pupils have experienced years of ‘failure’. https://www.pkadhd.org/girls-and-women-with-adhd daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597330331746-85VD4XLGQ6GCS50RELIQ/sitting_girl.jpg Girls and women with ADHD Females tend to have more issues during adolescence – already a tricky age for females. Symptoms often worsen during adolescence. There is ongoing research to suggest that hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can affect neurotransmitters in the brain, resulting in over-sensitivity and mood swings. There are complex social dynamics with teenage girls, especially in a high school setting. Girls with ADHD are often rejected by other girls, resulting in ‘I don’t fit in anywhere’ feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem, leading to stress and depression. Making an effort to hide their symptoms to meet expectations, their struggles can be secret, but no less damaging. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595160964558-2O5TL9KSFPLZUKDL5A9U/ocd4.jpg Girls and women with ADHD - ADHD symptoms in girls and women can be ‘explained away’ as character traits, as opposed to a clinical disorder. The inattentive presentation of ADHD can come across as them being forgetful, disorganized, or ‘spacey’. Females tend to have more internalizing disorders, like eating disorders and anxiety, and are at higher risk of self-mutilation, such as cutting themselves. Women are often misdiagnosed and treated for anxiety and mood disorders as primary diagnoses. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595160993899-HZFJA4LEGD6PJAACNOKL/6446d1642120f0018d6e5cf0142b8bce--brain-illustration-mental-illness-illustration.jpg Girls and women with ADHD - When women reach adulthood, they may face the same feelings of being overwhelmed and exhaustion as men feel. They may struggle to keep up with daily responsibilities, blaming themselves for their lack of motivation, lateness, or disorganization when something falls through the cracks. This can trigger frustrated outbursts at their family, something to be regretful of afterwards. Inconsistent sleep and eating patterns can result in a further disorganized life. They may find themselves depending on prescription medication to manage their anxiety and stress, or turning to alcohol or drugs to self-medicate. https://www.pkadhd.org/glossary-of-terms daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596710569749-VQ4N73YCPXACN4O3WI5I/A.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596710681524-1S312GF3Q98Z2OIP0KDR/B.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596710813760-MJO217LSX8I4V0M1BQYK/C.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596710932419-WXDST99P0KDZAIFJ6I6Q/D.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596710998754-7AXR8X47KJO48I8C2KYH/E.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711076312-5ECW2IQ7JGY3EG5GJ3NR/F.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711156726-LOPWDPVNCH27VPVP7GFL/G.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711346174-1HBZ7W6VOC5IBW3JWBP0/H.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711417736-4DO3K1QYGR2LPL8GJMDJ/I.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711503686-HQRJZYX0BX72KVS3VVTH/J.png Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711570673-7ZQT2101OG7UT2F0D9J6/K.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711624704-QJQN3AHJZI3NLCG9CZP6/L.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711729423-3B947BKIJVCVOYH9OGO4/M.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711874434-U19HZI1TUD8VNGRZ02BA/N.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596711937678-NMYHCYAS5J0VXW0W7MV2/O.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712095780-R36A0YYIJX6D5A9IBAXZ/P.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712187175-LFUFBDSJD07C0H3NT60P/Q.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712265728-I6SDD3VCQNCQRYN312S7/R.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712388097-0ANQ21A1QGH6MMJTTKLP/S.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712451746-E40NSZF5QEHNW33RLAV7/T.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712715209-0TPU923HWE0IT8CYDAGI/U.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712761543-2P0ZDOM4HPL3RBRMJAG1/V.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712813740-4NQ8JRXMYTUI3ESCDXKK/W.gif Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596712993415-DXNPW9CGRAQ4RG3HH6W1/X.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596713038073-FQHIV88QX1VURXW0YPRY/Y.jpg Glossary of terms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596713085047-C9T33O7JFKZ2ANCAK4QP/Z.jpg Glossary of terms https://www.pkadhd.org/comorbidities daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596634710953-25KXP8U2TMLJZZ7SAIT8/comorbidities.PNG Comorbidities - Comorbidities for young people with ADHD ADHD in school-age children and young people is very closely associated with specific learning difficulties such as dyslexia, dyscalculia, an dysgraphia, as well as language and communication difficulties and sensory problems. For this reason, allied health professionals such as speech & language therapists and occupational therapists can often provide valuable input to any support plans that are being considered at home and at school. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596635646143-O4752IE4WXHZ2F1LFD0M/Psychiatric-comorbidities-in-children-and-adolescents.jpg Comorbidities - Psychiatric comorbidity in young people ADHD in young people is also linked to other developmental disorders such as autism, dyspraxia and Tourette syndrome, medical problems like tic disorders and epilepsy, and emotional difficulties such as eating disorders, anxiety, and depression. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596637112012-MBKK6ZZAS76URGXWRR87/Comorbidities-in-Adult-ADHD.jpeg Comorbidities - Adult comorbidities and ‘diagnostic overshadowing’ As young people enter adulthood, their difficulties may change with physical hyperactivity diminishing and a greater range of emotional difficulties becoming more apparent. In those who do not have the ADHD diagnosis, it is these that may be treated first and the underlying ADHD that is ‘missed’ in primary health care settings. This is known as ‘diagnostic over-shadowing’ and can mean that adult ADHD remains undetected for years. This also applies to many who are diagnosed with autism (for which there is no recommended medical treatment) but who also have ADHD which may be contributing to their difficulties. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596637843145-CEDDS52U09IDO9WDI1KI/Learning+difficulties.jpg Comorbidities Image from Getty Images https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596638971749-3Y9LXSLAWL39U1PLZ180/parenting-sensory-articleLarge.jpg Comorbidities Image by Ori Toor https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596637932470-YS8E3AEYHOY88N7FOJI5/Autism.png Comorbidities Image by Muhammed Sajid https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596638805194-N4AZAIF5VR7E0H0R7Q66/Learning-Disabilities.jpg Comorbidities Image from Getty Images https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596798781575-245RYBAN17S1L2INZWW4/CaH7.jpg Comorbidities Image from Calvin and Hobbes https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596638585540-HKJ2S3DY908WFT15EGWN/Depression-Symptoms-722x406.jpg Comorbidities Image from Shutterstock https://www.pkadhd.org/assessment-and-diagnosis daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597321482115-N2MTRALLYB5XKQ9CWGUO/Boyoun+Kim+2.jpg Assessment and diagnosis - Think your child might have ADHD? The first challenge you are likely to face is persuading either your GP or school to make a referral to CAMHS (or paediatrics in the case of younger children). While you may suspect ADHD, it is important at this stage to consider issues that may be contributing to the problems that your child faces. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597322080309-LDG9E540M1MWNCZZLBTR/Boyoun+Kim.jpg Assessment and diagnosis Image by Boyoun Kim https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597322809619-FAGKBP4SDKAX8EDZTCPR/Davide+bonazzi+2.jpg Assessment and diagnosis Image by Davide Bonazzi https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597327286571-8KYJTC313EO80G2GH24J/medication+3.png Assessment and diagnosis https://www.pkadhd.org/learning daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595946008675-15U87QARSN5EJ6H11UQ9/download.jpg Learning - If you are struggling at school and have a diagnosis of ADHD or suspect that it could be contributing to your problems, speak to a teacher you trust or ask your parents/carers to do so on your behalf. Before giving up, try everything. Leaving school early is often one of the biggest regrets of adults when they look back on their early years. https://www.pkadhd.org/medication-treatment daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596402282566-SY8ULA1L7KSR1HW3K9N9/medication+3.png Medication & Treatment - There are several different types of medication used in the treatment of ADHD. Each one works in a different way to improve the efficiency of the brain. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596382699116-ZBVYGDKGGN62AMJ3COHJ/normal+brain+%28BBC%29.jpg Medication & Treatment - Contrary to popular opinion, the medication doesn’t control your behaviour - you do. You are not taking sedatives to dampen down your true personality but rather increasing the speed and efficiency of your brain so that you have more control over what you do and say. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596382186885-DRZRDYVVZPLU05EVSAE3/66_2_Diagnose_Exaggerated-emotions-how-and-why-adhd-triggers-intense-feelings_Slideshow_66_brain-colorful-arrow_ts-468476533.jpg Medication & Treatment - These neurotransmitters help the electrical signals jump across gaps (‘synapses’) between the neurons. Medication can improve the availability of neurons to perform this task. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596403435391-K2RLYS8QZGI4YQQPACCW/Neuron+synapse.jpg Medication & Treatment - Whilst the way that medication works is not yet fully understood, it has been heavily researched in terms of safety, before being licensed for use, and, in general, is thought to be effective because it improves the signalling system in the brain that allows different parts of the brain to function more effectively together. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596383231897-VJOSULDVKW3CMRTHUMML/life-cycle-and-aging-process-vector.jpg Medication & Treatment - It is not always easy to predict how any individual is going to respond to a particular medicine. As you grow, particularly through puberty, it may be necessary to change the type or amount that you receive. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596402460195-FIFR3I39TKV787LPWYW6/making-the-switch-trying-new-adhd-medication-ts-467414236+%281%29.png Medication & Treatment - Be very careful about relying too heavily on information that can be found on the Internet. As ever, check that it is coming from a reliable source before taking it too seriously. There are a lot of people who do not like the idea of medication and who provide false information to dissuade families from trying it. https://www.pkadhd.org/intimate-relationships daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596451378364-VNUA8MJO0VT3TJLJYHOQ/ValentinesDay2014_byCarolinaBuzio.gif Intimate relationships https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596103429457-M5KQL3XUHWW9JPBXLVKW/relationships+2.jpg Intimate relationships - ADHD should not be a barrier to any loving relationship, but it can cause additional difficulties which can have a huge impact on your life and and the lives of those close to you. ADHD has been associated with: An increased risk of unplanned pregnancy An increased risk of acquiring sexually transmitted diseases An increased risk of in utero damage to the fetus if alcohol or other substances are ingested during pregnancy (especially if the pregnancy is unplanned and the female does not know she is pregnant) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596403834497-WFZNOUMYSN79QZVXGO56/preg.JPG Intimate relationships - Because ADHD is associated with weaknesses in planning and organisation, and also risk-taking and impulsivity, it can be more challenging to maintain the appropriate precautions when engaging in intimate relationships. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596103637410-EXZ82YHN9BRASKG98W6Q/contraception.jpg Intimate relationships - Contraception is the responsibility of both partners, which means that you can help each other to ensure that you stay safe. Use reminders to help you with this important task. There are a range of apps available to ensure that you remember to have whichever method of contraception you decide to use available. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596404994699-00RY8U373RZCQJU5TSSM/Contraception+%281%29.jpg Intimate relationships - The Family Planning Association have produced some helpful fact sheets on the following topics: Age of consent Sexual behaviour Use of contraception Use of contraceptive clinic services Teenage pregnancy Abortion Sexually transmitted infections Knowledge of STIs References Other relevant FPA factsheets https://www.pkadhd.org/mental-health daily 0.75 2020-08-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595663203367-GTM72PYLGJD617RWNECV/ADHD-Progression-1.jpeg Mental health - Mental health in young people with ADHD Many young people have difficulties with friendships and social interaction, caused partly by their immaturity (i.e. developmental delay) and lack of social skills, and that this can have a profound effect on self-esteem. For all that we tend to think of ADHD as the very over-confident child or ‘class-clown’, such youngsters can be very lonely and unsure about their place in the peer group. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596636413683-50D5UVHK5NWG7MJ9OJ8U/archdischild-2005-February-90-suppl+1-i2-F1.large.jpg Mental health - Early self esteem difficulties may predict difficulties in later life It is important that we recognise that those with low self esteem in early life are often extremely vulnerable and may experience very poor outcomes in later life. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595958999475-PNCL9DIID6LFFNZBERHA/anxiety-art-depression-illustration-Favim.com-4457595.jpeg Mental health - The majority of adults with ADHD in the UK are not being treated for their ADHD, but are instead receiving medication for anxiety and depression instead. Many are also ‘self-medicating’, which means using substances available in the community to alleviate their ADHD symptoms. The most common forms of self-medication for those with ADHD involve: Nicotine Alcohol Cannabis These may offer temporary relief, but can lead to serious health and mental health complications. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596132150612-OXC80LN767L6NKA48ANS/mental+health+hepburn.png Mental health https://www.pkadhd.org/further-education-and-employment daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595533622105-J1TX3QSXGQV8F3JXUVB2/desk.JPG Further education and employment - As you think about the transition from school to independent living, you need to be realistic about your prospects in any new environment, but at the same time recognise that just because you struggled to reach your potential in formal education, this does not mean that you will fail to do so for the rest of your life. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595534914095-RB8B3U5KGBWQNZQ65ZBQ/reasondigital-jobs.jpg Further education and employment - Students can excel when they are focusing on something that really interests and an which makes the most of the talents and abilities they have, so it is important to identify these. Not everyone will become a professional footballer, actor or musician, but as important as recognising what you might be able to do is ruling out those choices that really will not suit your personality or learning style. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595946480787-4ZU48O8DQQCPDV2L8M6P/graduate_RiciHoffarth.jpg Further education and employment - Be aware also, that it is possible to build a very successful career from a modest beginning. Apprenticeships are often a good way of getting started and can lead you towards running your own business in a few years time if you are motivated and organised to do so. Independent careers advice can be very helpful and can signpost you towards opportunities that you may not know existed. https://www.pkadhd.org/new-page daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595945526064-61A5BMT9JAX0WN5GBFMN/design_for_education_illustration_tubik_4x.png Working with schools - With current local authority spending under considerable strain, support may not always be available to the level that is required for children and young people in school. It is important to balance the needs of your child with those of others in the system and to be realistic about what can be achieved. School personnel are often themselves the victims of decisions over which they have no influence to try not to make them targets of a system which may not be working at its full potential because of resource deficiencies. https://www.pkadhd.org/new-page-1 daily 0.75 2020-07-27 https://www.pkadhd.org/transitions daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595936831925-INGSJKOTRZ1MPNWTHN54/7813d11e66df7cbef3b5155a4c7e25a3.png Transitions - Micro-transitions These often occur quite frequently, even several times during the average day. For example, breakfast is a time of multiple transitions and is often described their families as being particularly problematic, not just for the child or young person with ADHD, but for the rest of the family. Even getting out of bed in the morning and transitioning from sleep to wakefulness can be a major challenge, as can getting dressed and getting organised for the day. This does not just apply to school age children, but to adults as well! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596494027420-85LYD6UOU72EQE173ZMJ/Boyoun+Kim+2.jpg Transitions - Bear these in mind before placing yet more transitions in front of them when they arrive home exhausted! There is little harm in allowing downtime at the end of the school day, but a major transition that occurs very frequently in households affected by ADHD is the transition away from screen time and your battles will be much easier to ‘fight’ if clear boundaries are established a very early age, and long before problems may arise. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596493966284-CTHBS0DCBDJ8EX7FAURG/Boyoun+Kim.jpg Transitions - Macro-transitions These are much bigger in scale and thus tend to occur less frequently. For this reason, they are often difficult to plan for, or rehearse, and to establish in a routine way. Examples of macro-transitions: changing schools and moving from primary to secondary, or from secondary to college/work family bereavement moving home losing a pet going on holiday https://www.pkadhd.org/children-ages-6-11 daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596023416538-5UNAV1GGC07NM341H0RX/Peter+Pan+%28Alejandro+Mesa%29+2.jpg Children (ages 6-11) - Characteristic symptoms https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596023456226-6V35ABGEK6FE8VC448R7/Peter+Pan+%28Alejandro+Mesa%29+3.jpg Children (ages 6-11) - Common challenges https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596023478595-98AE96GN5TAX67JTKQJM/Peter+Pan+%28Alejandro+Mesa%29+4.jpg Children (ages 6-11) - Assessment & diagnosis https://www.pkadhd.org/children-ages-611-common-challenges daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595949570909-5JYB50G2CGTO3J28JLWX/anxiety.jpg Children (ages 6-11): Common challenges - Anxiety Whilst anxiety is very common in young people and adults with ADHD and is often treated ahead of the underlying disorder, it can also be evident in the early years and at a point where children find it difficult to express how they are feeling. This can result in very challenging and oppositional behaviour (for example, in not wanting to go to school or on family outings). The causes of anxiety are varied and complex, but can relate to sensory sensitivities (e.g. the fear of loud noises, smells, busy places), worries about social failure, a feeling of not belonging, academic insecurity, and a pervading sense of failure at home and at school. This is why it is important to boost self-esteem and to put in place scaffolding’ to support, rather than punish, young people through their formative years. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595949757726-EXJ8GG27URJC97F7CYCF/Relationships.jpg Children (ages 6-11): Common challenges - Relationships Ask most children with ADHD what they really want to change and their answers will involve improved friendships. They will tend to blame themselves for social failure and have shown by research to have a weak understanding of how they present to others. Some can appear over-confident because they believe others value them for their friendship rather then just being entertained by their ‘acting-out’ behaviours, but this ‘positive illusory bias’ tends to diminish in the teenage years with a consequent loss of social identity. Parents and teachers can help. Promoting friendship through organised activities and clubs or teams can mitigate the impact of ADHD on development throughout the life span. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595950064955-HG95BANIEGYRMEAUOYKI/anger.jpg Children (ages 6-11): Common challenges - Anger and Frustration Anger and frustration are natural responses that are common in all young people, but tend to be more severe in those with ADHD. The first thing to do as a parent is to identify, if possible, what the triggers are by looking for patterns (time of day, place, context) so that these can be avoided or at least reduced or managed better. Children do not want to be angry. When a child has a ‘melt-down’ they are already being ‘punished’, so don’t double that pain by inflicting yet more hardship on them. Talk them through how they felt and how better to channel their feelings. Learn the difference between ‘tantrums’ and ‘melt-downs’ and understand how to respond when they occur. As well as the linked video, have a look at the SPD guidance (link) for how to manage tantrums and meltdowns. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595950107026-IBG14HET7AJR92QDNH9T/Depression-Symptoms-722x406.jpg Children (ages 6-11): Common challenges - Low mood and depression A continual diet of social failure and academic under-achievement can, in many circumstances, lead to serious consequences. A withdrawal from situations in which those ‘failures’ are likely to recur, and a loss of self-esteem and belief. Chase the positives as a class teacher or a parent. Makes sure that success is first identified (many positives are ‘invisible’; if a child is attending to a task, or prevents an impulsive response, it will tend not to be seen) and then reinforce it. Be extremely careful about criticising the child themselves. Separate their behaviour from who they are and ensure that they feel loved and valued, even if their behaviour is causing difficulties. We tend to function and develop best in nurturing rather than hostile environments, so don’t let ADHD become a barrier to family warmth and affection. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595950232730-21N0ZDV9KN1139J4YAX9/structure.png Children (ages 6-11): Common challenges - Lack of internal structure Children with ADHD tend to have poor executive functions and struggle to cope with the organisational demands we place upon them. This is particularly true as they transition from primary to secondary school. The developmental delays associated with ADHD mean that we should make demands that are ‘stage’ rather than ‘age’ appropriate, and to put in place the ‘scaffolding’ that will allow a child to perform to the best of their ability. ADHD causes huge difficulties with short-term memory, so use lists, routines and prompts to reduce organisational failures, and apprecite that the ‘internal clock’ that many of us take for granted may not function well in children with the disorder. Set boundaries where possible and have clear expectations, but do not over-punish organisational failure because this can have a very corrosive impact on development in general. https://www.pkadhd.org/children-ages-611-assessment-and-diagnosis daily 0.75 2020-08-13 https://www.pkadhd.org/children-ages-611-characteristic-symptoms daily 0.75 2020-08-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595948775302-88LQDB1VMM84MSSS8OZB/hyperactivity.png Children (ages 6-11): Characteristic symptoms - Hyperactivity Hyperactivity can be very disruptive not only to learning in the classroom but to family life. It can undermine attempts to develop routines, cause sleep disruption to adult care-givers, and have a significant impact on siblings. Parents may adjust ‘normal’ family activities such as going out, eating out, visiting friends and family members. Hyperactivity can thus have a major influence on all members of the family. UKAP’S Dr Suzy Young offers some advice and top tips on managing hyperactivity in children. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595948886140-7SOXFG369DLCJJIASOYE/impulsivity.jpg Children (ages 6-11): Characteristic symptoms - Impulsivity Blurting-out answers in class, struggling to wait for a turn, making poor choices on the spur-of-the-moment are all indications of possible ADHD or general immaturity and may be regarded more as a nuisance than anything else. But impulsivity can have severe consequences. Young children may run into the street without thinking of the danger and we know from hospital data that those with ADHD are at increased risk of fractures and falls as a result, as well as involvement in road traffic accidents. But there can also be social consequences. Other children find their ADHD peers too inconsistent and difficult to predict, disruptive of games and play, and lacking the finer social skills that allow deeper friendships to develop. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595949226239-ZHSF9ZAU9PSZHA61BHDD/inattention.jpg Children (ages 6-11): Characteristic symptoms - Inattention We used to think that inattention was the lesser of 3 ‘evils’. Everyone is inattentive at times, especially when things bore them. But inattention during the early years can affect social development and the acquisition of social skills and mean that it is difficult to build friendships and feel valued. Inattention can affect the ability of a child to master core language and literacy skills regardless of ability and potential, and reinforce a sense of failure when others are making progress. It can go unnoticed in class and slow progress is often put down to a ‘lack of effort’. If academic underachievement of this kind persists, teachers and caregivers should be asking if something else is contributing to poor performance. Just because a child is not displaying obvious hyperactivity or serious behavioural difficulties does not mean that they do not have ADHD. This is especially the case with girls, who will more commonly have the purely inattentive kind of ADHD than boys. https://www.pkadhd.org/adolescents-ages-1218 daily 0.75 2020-08-01 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596020254856-93XEUK8ADXX23KCIUKL7/iris-van-den-akker-aap.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18) - Symptoms, risks & challenges https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596020282378-TGE4H0A41VK7WXC7ST8Y/brain2.png Adolescents (ages 12-18) - Medication https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596020399901-B1GNE50KCE5EIKHQDKW5/motivation.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18) - Five ways to take back control https://www.pkadhd.org/adolescents-ages-1218-symptoms-risks-challenges daily 0.75 2020-08-05 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595974961059-C3I37FZOE1B1H3SGHH1I/sitting_girl.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Symptoms, risks & challenges - Characteristic symptoms The teenage years can see some of the common ADHD comorbidities play a more prominent role. For simplicity’s sake, symptoms from the commonly associated behaviour disorders, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder are not included below. These are the common symptoms in teenagers with ADHD and are closely associated with under-performance at school, school drop-out, and exclusion: Distractibility and lack of focus Disorganisation and forgetfulness Self-focused behavior Hyperactivity and fidgeting Heightened emotionality and rejection sensitive dysphoria Impulsivity and poor decision making Poor concentration and trouble finishing tasks https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595976278223-PA612JSUF210BYLMKKWA/iris.jpeg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Symptoms, risks & challenges - Risks Those with ADHD are extremely vulnerable in their teenage years. Studies have found that they are at a much higher risk of the following than their non-ADHD peers: drug use and addiction (nicotine, alcohol and cannabis, in particular) unwanted pregnancy experiencing family breakdown criminality and gang membership Poor mental health (especially anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal idealisation, suicide attempts) sexually-transmitted diseases lower test scores problem gambling higher rates of not completing secondary school and/or further education excessive internet and social media use serious car accidents Knowing this, it can be tempting to wrap them in cotton wool, but teenagers need their freedom and standing in their way can lead to serious conflict and the breakdown of yours and their relationship. It’s about finding a balance. You and the rest of their support network are so important to them during what is a really challenging time. Make sure they know that they can talk to you whenever they need to, and that it is okay to make mistakes. They are much safer that way. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1595976902538-TCJV25KNYL416MXC7EAV/Iris+2.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Symptoms, risks & challenges - Specific challenges Whether you are struggling with mental ill-health, intimate relationships, poor sleep, learning, thinking about further education or employment, or questioning whether you should consider or continue with medication, we have prepared resources for you! https://www.pkadhd.org/adults-ages-1964 daily 0.75 2020-08-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596025278379-DY15YOHWG5QH6DAVXUFV/Sonny+Ross+1.jpg Adults (ages 19-64) - Assessment & diagnosis Assessment & diagnosis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596025408382-KI1U3RPIA7YPPQBS1CX6/Sonny+Ross+2.jpg Adults (ages 19-64) - Common challenges Common challenges https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596456106011-3YI93Y5YHF8Z17MJN3KG/student.jpg Adults (ages 19-64) - Young adulthood Young adulthood https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596025951392-UQ78DNPJIO2VAD650R6J/Sonny+Ross+4.jpg Adults (ages 19-64) - Videos Videos https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596025469599-NDVWBJ4BJ8L2XC8CTHXT/Sonny+Ross+3.jpg Adults (ages 19-64) - Characteristic symptoms Characteristic Symptoms https://www.pkadhd.org/adolescents-ages-12-18-medication daily 0.75 2020-08-07 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596019379495-O25BCAK604JO3TMWGPTU/adhd+medication.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Medication - Extensive research demonstrates that many young people choose to come off their medication during the teenage years for a variety of reasons: “I don’t want to be seen to be different, or to feel different” “I want to just be myself” “Medication is provided so that adults can ‘control’ me” “It doesn’t do anything for me” “It blunts my personality and my creativity” https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596843869336-QZ65H1VFTUWRLTEA82U0/Bonazzi%2B3.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Medication https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596298267552-6M3LV6XUNR4FBUTY55V9/cannabis.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Medication - Before making that decision, think carefully. Try to find out more about what the treatment does. The medication is not designed to ‘change’ you but to enhance your ability to make decisions. Across the general ADHD population, ADHD treatment has been shown to: Reduce accidents (e.g. fractured limbs) Reduce the risk of self-medicating through recreational drug and alcohol abuse Improve academic performance Improve family relationships Listen to what others say about how the medication may be helping you, and the risks associated with untreated ADHD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596298558464-KEA8ORJ5OBN98QZBDTU0/making-the-switch-trying-new-adhd-medication-ts-467414236.png Adolescents (ages 12-18): Medication - The evidence presented does not suggest that treatment solves all or even most of the difficulties associated with ADHD. Treatment with medication does have some benefits, but the long term value is still not fully evaluated or understood. Some, including clinicians argue against its use as anything other than a last resort. It does not work for everyone and there is no way or predicting which medication is going to work. So it may take some time to get the right type and the right dose. https://www.pkadhd.org/adolescents-ages-1218-five-ways-to-take-back-control daily 0.75 2020-08-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596020747934-75GC09WBMO7CBCYQ3ITX/motivation.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Five ways to take back control Take control of your own life, but also take control of your ADHD - it is a part of who you are https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596021025913-DPYFN9ZJ9FD6FE0GTPA4/raised-on-ritalin.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Five ways to take back control - Become well-informed Understand what ADHD is, and what treatment does. Read, watch and listen as much as you can. There’s a reason that psychoeducation (support through the provision of information about the condition) has been proven to be an effective treatment type! For other young peoples’ stories, why not start with the graphic novel (pictured on the left) Raised on Ritalin, the TED Talk by Jessica McCabe, or our podcast series ADHD in Isolation? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596021468078-BHR8QT16JV0M3IME2KLC/my-support-network.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Five ways to take back control - Know where to seek help This is a security thing. You’ll struggle to find a single person with ADHD who doesn’t crash sometimes. Identify a support network and places to go for help before you actually need it. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596021847691-WO1A7SJ9MBN6C5MUK8EH/Family.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Five ways to take back control - Stay connected with family and friends Many of those with ADHD struggle withe relationships with parents, siblings, and even friends. This can result in disproportionate numbers of those with ADHD rejecting their families and friends. Do not fall into this trap! It is important that you do everything that you can to maintain those relationships; do not do this alone! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596022072985-1AVRDVCN9SWI4JGK3445/Copy-of-USE-THIS-ONLY-3-2.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Five ways to take back control - Understand and protect your mental health Poor mental health is extremely common in those with ADHD from the early years. Adolescence (with all the changes to your brain and environment) can exacerbate existing mental health difficulties and introduce new ones. Poor mental health can lead to far more serious problems if steps are not taken early; these include: drug and alcohol abuse homelessness criminality serious psychiatric disorders https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596022724304-6S1W748EW3ZJ5KMW2KYG/island.jpg Adolescents (ages 12-18): Five ways to take back control - Harness your strengths Ever heard of the term ‘islands of competence’? Those with low confidence report that they feel as though they are not good at anything at all (i.e. they perceive a “sea of incompetence”). This is a delusional feeling; everyone has their talents! Find things that you are good at, focus on these, and develop your skills. Soon your island of competence will begin to grow and you may even find new islands to focus on. This is a process of building both confidence and resilience. https://www.pkadhd.org/adults-ages-1964-assessment-and-diagnosis daily 0.75 2020-08-13 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596039859600-P8DGZVS9BS7UKIAKM7FX/Sonny+Ross+6.jpg Adults (ages 19-64): Assessment and diagnosis - Almost everyone has some symptoms similar to ADHD at some point in their lives. If your difficulties are recent or occurred only occasionally in the past, you probably don't have ADHD. ADHD is diagnosed only when symptoms are severe enough to cause ongoing problems in more than one area of your life. These persistent and disruptive symptoms can be traced back to early childhood. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596040604137-A8LS5F7E6BFZZXQQJ9Q5/gp.png Adults (ages 19-64): Assessment and diagnosis - If you suspect that you may have ADHD, seek out a qualified clinician to assess you and advise on treatment if a diagnosis is confirmed. In order to reach that stage, you will need to get a referral from your GP and convince them that this is necessary. That can be quite a challenge. For ADHD to even be considered, you need to be demonstrating both symptoms and impairment, sufficient that your quality of life is being affected. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596041055119-KSGUMUHG3SLUZVCTDLDS/Wha.jpg Adults (ages 19-64): Assessment and diagnosis - Before going to the GP: Make a list of all the difficulties that you have had throughout your life (evidence is necessary that you had problems before 12 years old) and those that are affecting you now. Keep a list of bullet points and keep adding to it. Try to secure some collateral information - input from your parents, from old school reports, from people who currently know you well. Keep yourself well-informed by joining social media groups such as the Scottish ADHD Coalition but beware fake news on some. If you are finding it difficult to persuade your GP that a referral is necessary and you can afford to go private, ensure that any diagnosis will be accepted and that your clinician has the necessary expertise. https://www.pkadhd.org/adults-ages-1964-characteristic-symptoms daily 0.75 2020-08-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596029166686-UPB4WSMJJ4PY5JB5DVKR/ADHD+storytelling.jpeg Adults (ages 19-64): Characteristic symptoms - Symptoms Adults with ADHD can display some or all of the symptoms listed below. Often these are manifested in a more subtle way than in childhood, as ways of coping and masking difficulties tend to improve throughout life. Impulsiveness carelessness and lack of attention to detail Disorganization and problems prioritizing Poor time management skills Problems focusing on a task Trouble multitasking Excessive activity or restlessness Poor planning Low frustration tolerance Frequent mood swings Problems following through and completing tasks Hot temper Trouble coping with stress https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596029011531-AI8RZ0HIX78DCZKN69S1/61308427_339051783472201_4992390768493592576_n.jpg Adults (ages 19-64): Characteristic symptoms - Join our Information Sessions It is so important to understand behaviours (including our own) before we try to manage or adapt them. Our sessions are designed to help participants understand the condition and its comorbidities, and to explore how behaviours can manifest from them. We look at how these conditions can impact an individual’s or family’s functioning and ways to recover this functionality. We try to build resilience and emotional intelligence by developing strategies that suit our participants with them. Our sessions are delivered as flexible six-session programmes by our most experienced worker, alongside one of our most trusted parent mentors. During the Covid-19 lockdown, these sessions are being delivered remotely, by video calls. Whether you’d like one-to-one support or to learn as part of a group, its up to you! Click the button to contact us about these sessions and we will arrange a time that suits you! https://www.pkadhd.org/adults-ages-1964-common-challenges daily 0.75 2020-07-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596031049997-MW6Y83W6LPPA060BPX7A/Sonny+Ross+5.jpg Adults (ages 19-64): Common challenges - Adult ADHD is associated with: Difficulties with relationships Substance abuse Frequent changes of jobs Moving home location because of restlessness Increased risk of road traffic accidents Increase in driver violations (parking tickets, speeding fines etc) Anxiety Depression Problem gambling Criminality Debt Unplanned pregnancy https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596031226444-K3VLQO0CAXQ3T7YI3LAH/61308427_339051783472201_4992390768493592576_n.jpg Adults (ages 19-64): Common challenges - Join our Information Sessions It is so important to understand behaviours (including our own) before we try to manage or adapt them. Our sessions are designed to help participants understand the condition and its comorbidities, and to explore how behaviours can manifest from them. We look at how these conditions can impact an individual’s or family’s functioning and ways to recover this functionality. We try to build resilience and emotional intelligence by developing strategies that suit our participants with them. Our sessions are delivered as flexible six-session programmes by our most experienced worker, alongside one of our most trusted parent mentors. During the Covid-19 lockdown, these sessions are being delivered remotely, by video calls. Below are two testimonies from our ongoing sessions: “Honestly this has been unbelievably helpful, and [our parent mentor’s] support and input just added to the experience!” “These FIS sessions were just what we needed to help us understand. You have got to the very essence of the difficulties! Thank you.” Whether you’d like one-to-one support or to learn as part of a group, its up to you! Click the button to contact us about these sessions and we will arrange a time that suits you! https://www.pkadhd.org/dyslexia daily 0.75 2020-08-06 https://www.pkadhd.org/learning-difficulties daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596734943339-WDEM8YIDRX1BZH79EOST/Dyslexia.png Learning difficulties - Dyslexia https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596735012397-WUF7AZFGAFKNPWFDDABN/050718_EC_numbers_feat.jpg Learning difficulties - Dyscalculia https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596734971365-VV6XGPA0FZU83Y31UU36/Dysgraphia%2BColorado.png Learning difficulties - Dysgraphia https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596735035282-XEDPLI84XT4CE382E2HY/dyspraxia_article_yellow.jpg Learning difficulties - Developmental co-ordination disorder (dyspraxia) https://www.pkadhd.org/developmental-co-ordination-disorder-dyspraxia daily 0.75 2020-08-06 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596729996646-DG9A1K1LU639BKF9CYY5/dyspraxia_article_yellow.jpg Developmental co-ordination disorder (dyspraxia) https://www.pkadhd.org/autism-spectrum-disorders daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://www.pkadhd.org/dyscalculia daily 0.75 2020-08-06 https://www.pkadhd.org/dysgraphia daily 0.75 2020-08-06 https://www.pkadhd.org/sensory-processing-disorders daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596800497246-LVUQZKWEOCQT7KH9KFH8/spd.png Sensory processing disorders - There are a three broad categorizations of sensory processing disorders. Sensory modulation disorder Sensory-based motor disorder sensory discrimination disorder https://www.pkadhd.org/disruptive/behavioural-disorders daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596755693568-OD545WESV7JD0ZBYZKGI/davide-bonazzi-school-to-prison_orig.jpg Disruptive/behavioural disorders - ADHD is sometimes refered to as a ‘disruptive’ or a ‘behavioural disorder’. These disorders are those in which individuals (particularly young people) display disruptive (and often self-destructive) behaviour in multiple settings. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596797184150-X5IEVXNFKTHNB1RYLG7A/CaH+2.png Disruptive/behavioural disorders https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596797845314-DQMK6DTA3UN1DTRW7TQH/Calvin-hobbes-32-uppwyd2ye8-1024x768.0.0.jpg Disruptive/behavioural disorders - Oppositional defiant disorder ODD is typically diagnosed around in the early school ages and tends to stop being diagnosed around adolescence. Young people with ODD have a well-established pattern of behavior problems. Symptoms include: Being unusually angry and irritable Frequently losing their temper Being easily annoyed Arguing with authority figures Refusing to follow rules Deliberately annoying people Blaming others for mistakes Being vindictive All children can have these symptoms from time to time. What distinguishes ODD from normal oppositional behavior is how severe it is, and how long it has been going on for. A child with ODD will have had extreme behavior issues for at least six months. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1596798383251-0HBC61E0B3U5MJRI3M2N/CaH+6.jpg Disruptive/behavioural disorders - Conduct disorders The behaviour of a child with conduct disorder may depend on their age. Younger children (aged under 11) may repeatedly argue with, disobey and defy those looking after them. Older children with conduct disorder may consistently exhibit antisocial behaviour, such as: being highly aggressive towards people and animals stealing or damaging property lying fighting violating rules https://www.pkadhd.org/the-three-types-of-adhd daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597398700025-E0U6VP6S9GK43MALHE7J/types-of-adhd-venn.png The three types of ADHD https://www.pkadhd.org/executive-function-deficits daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597018385663-N3U4YERYGA228A02YGJW/Executive+function.jpg Executive function deficits https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597009681268-TMESPCVT8K1J2YN56L18/Brown+executive+functions.jpg Executive function deficits https://www.pkadhd.org/screening-and-assessment-tools daily 0.75 2020-08-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597073154079-RIQZYHH8Q137R2B0UJWL/SDQ.jpg Screening and assessment tools - The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a very useful tool for screening high-risk groups, and is easy to administer, quick, and robust in terms of reliability. It is a very good starting point for opening discussions with parents and beginning the referral/diagnostic process through CAMHS. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597073268108-T8PR5TAV5GMKTAJV5NM5/DAWBA.jpg Screening and assessment tools - The Development and Well-being Assessment (DAWBA) is usually administered alongside the SDQ for pupils in the high risk category of having significant psychological or psychiatric difficulties. It is robust, quick, and relatively inexpensive, and can provide a comprehensive pre-diagnostic assessment were important decisions have to be made in order to support a young person. it can be particularly useful when a quick profile is required to support critical planning, for example in determining whether specialist support is required to sustain family placement or educational provision. Online questionnaire is to be completed by teachers, parents and carers, and by the young people themselves, and results obtained speedily, thus avoiding long wait times at CAMHS. . Whilst the DAWBA, cannot be used as a stand-alone diagnosis for ADHD, it can indicate the probability of that disorder occurring and thus encourage parents and professionals to think carefully of the support that may be required at home and at school. https://www.pkadhd.org/learning-disability daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://www.pkadhd.org/learn daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597612517816-M9I3PEISW37BDOWGYO13/brain.png Learn - The causes of ADHD What actually causes ADHD? Where does it come from? What is happening in the brains of those with ADHD? Does our upbringing and environment have an impact on our ADHD? Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597621231099-32IOVPQUOEERAJH1A99T/Comorbidities%252Bwith%252BADHD.jpg Learn - Comorbidities Most people with a diagnosis of ADHD have at least one co-occurring condition. We’ve profiled some of the most common comorbid conditions. Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597612817125-TKZU4Q93O4D5R6U6RG50/types-of-adhd-venn.png Learn - The three types of ADHD Did you know that nowadays ADHD is generally thought of as having three distinct types of presentation? Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597620547816-WALEIPJG9H2PMSO4L14W/Assessment.png Learn - FAQs We’ve gathered some of the most frequently asked questions about ADHD. Click on the image to see if yours is included. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597618903554-L4MAGJ9CU7P6LBL3TM4O/open-graph.a74435697f45.png Learn - Guidelines and information resources There is plenty of questionable information on ADHD out there. Click on the image to find some that you can trust! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597614003135-6D7I2C4HNSFPJ0ZFGJU1/life-cycle-and-aging-process-vector.jpg Learn - ADHD through the lifetime It’s been a long time since we accepted that ADHD is not a disorder solely of childhood. In fact, most of those with ADHD as a child will retain at least some ADHD symptoms as an adult, and may even develop new ones! The ways in which ADHD can affect us differs dramatically throughout the lifespan, all the way up to old age. Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597618722289-A4EOCNZUYY9745GH0OYO/U.gif Learn - Glossary of terms Finding all these new terms a bit overwhelming? We’ve prepared some of the terms you’re most likely to come across on your ADHD journey. Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597399049021-I064UE9BWSXEF6VN92FQ/NPR.jpg Learn - Girls and women with ADHD Girls and women with ADHD. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597612739020-TBVU39W9XHCJVXTYLVFZ/History-of-ADHD-Hippocrates-Father-of-Modern-Medicine.jpg Learn - The history of ADHD Did you know that the first descriptions of what would today be understood as ADHD occurred in Ancient Greece? Since then, our understanding of the condition has developed rapidly, especially in recent times. Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597618625194-YMYMCCOH734BFK5TOTCK/Bonazzi.jpg Learn - Assessment, diagnosis and treatment Finding it difficult to get to grips with the process of assessment, diagnosis and/or treatment for ADHD? We’ve done our best to make it simple for you. Click on the image to learn more. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597613695119-VS4QJS9ELSXACO2EODO6/ADHD+brain.jpg Learn - Executive functioning deficits Executive functioning deficits are at the core of what is distinct about the ADHD brain. Click on the image to learn more. https://www.pkadhd.org/assessment-diagnosis-and-treatment daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597672994066-B6OVGEU39J5LR9KZCHTW/Bonazzi+4.jpg Assessment, diagnosis and treatment - Assessment and diagnosis https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597673046847-2Q09FCKF0FW7KRJ3M7FG/raisedonritalin-feat.png Assessment, diagnosis and treatment - Medication and treatment https://www.pkadhd.org/strategize daily 0.75 2020-08-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597662428593-3NWYLMQGLX85PLEFREQA/Calvin-hobbes-32-uppwyd2ye8-1024x768.0.0.jpg Strategize Image from Calvin and Hobbes, by Bill Watterson https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597662502434-ED69A1YIQPEDLZ3S19U6/Bonazzi+2.jpg Strategize Image by Davide Bonazzi https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597662628220-J4QJDAX6PYYMPP2AQC7P/thumbnail-Dancers_byCarolinaBuzio.jpg Strategize Image by Carolina Buzio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597664757215-28WOGCRY0B8CFNDNP30T/adulthood.jpg Strategize https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597664645416-4GLV7VLVGG6DYTCX84YS/1536x716.png Strategize https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5e789483bce9093947d1261d/1597678528060-RPBQJ32XO9UPHLED11L1/61308427_339051783472201_4992390768493592576_n.jpg Strategize - Our Information Sessions It is so important to understand behaviours (including our own) before we try to manage or adapt them. Our sessions are designed to help participants understand the condition and its comorbidities, and to explore how behaviours can manifest from them. We look at how these conditions can impact an individual’s or family’s functioning and ways to recover this functionality. We try to build resilience and emotional intelligence by developing strategies that suit our participants with them. Our sessions are delivered as flexible six-session programmes by our most experienced worker, alongside one of our most trusted parent mentors. During the Covid-19 lockdown, these sessions are being delivered remotely, by video calls. Whether you’d like one-to-one support or to learn as part of a group, its up to you! Click the button to contact us about these sessions and we will arrange a time that suits you!